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Unconfoundedness

Unconfoundedness

\begin{equation*} \{Y_{i}(1), Y_{i}(0)\} \perp\!\!\!\!\perp D_{i} \mid X_{i} \end{equation*}

Unconfoundedness is the assumption that, conditional on covariates \(X_{i}\), the assignment of the treatment variable \(D_i\) is independent of the potential outcomes \(\{Y_{i}(1), Y_{i}(0)\}\).

Matching

TBD

Propensity score methods

TBD

IPTW estimator

TBD